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Benzyl chloride

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Benzyl chloride


 

 





































































 

 

 

HOME >> Chemicals >> Benzyl chloride

Chemicals  Benzyl chloride
Benzyl chloride pdf api
CAS number 100-44-7



Benzyl chloride CAS number 100-44-7

IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO. 100-44-7
BENZYL CHLORIDE EINECS NO. 202-853-6
FORMULA C6H5CH2Cl
MOL WT. 126.59
H.S. CODE 2903.69
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 1231 mg/kg

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES


PHYSICAL STATE : Clear to yellow liquid
MELTING POINT -39 C
BOILING POINT 179 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.10
SOLUBILITY IN WATER : Reacts slowly
SOLVENT SOLUBILITY : Soluble in most common organic solvents(alcohol, chloroform, ether)
pH
VAPOR DENSITY : 4.4
AUTOIGNITION : 585 C NFPA RATINGS Health: 3 Flammability: 2 Reactivity: 1
REFRACTIVE INDEX : 1.5415
FLASH POINT 67 C
STABILITY :Unstable. Inhibitors must be used to prevent polymerization.(propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, lime, or trimethylamine )
Vapour density: 4.36 (air=1)
Vapour pressure: 1 mm Hg at 20 C Explosion limits: 1.1% (lower), 7.1% (upper) Viscosity: 1.3 centistokes at 25 C
Critical temperature: 411 C

Toxicology

Toxic. Probable human carcinogen. Contact with the eyes may cause permanent damage. Harmful by inhalation, ingestion and through skin contact. Corrosive - causes burns. May cause CNS depression. UK STEL (EH40/2000) 1.5 ppm. UK MEL 8h TWA (EH40/2000) 0.5 ppm.

Toxicity data

ORL-RAT LD50 1231 mg kg-1
IHL-RAT LD50 150 ppm/2h.
SCU-RAT LD50 1000 mg/kg.
ORL-MAM LD50 1500 mg kg-1Risk phrases R22 R23 R37 R38 R40 R41 R45 R48.

Personal protection

Safety glasses, gloves, good ventilation. Treat as a potential carcinogen.

Preparation


Benzyl chloride, or α-chlorotoluene, is an organic compound consisting of a phenyl group substituted with a chloromethyl group.

Benzyl chloride can be prepared by free radical chlorination of toluene
or the Blanc chloromethylation of benzeneBenzyl chloride is also easily prepared by mixing benzyl alcohol with a large molar excess of concentrated hydrochloric acid.

Uses

Benzyl chloride is used in organic synthesis for the introduction of the benzyl protecting group for alcohols (yielding the corresponding benzyl ether) and carboxylic acids (yielding the corresponding benzyl ester).

It may be used in the synthesis of amphetamine-class drugs, and for this reason sales of benzyl chloride are monitored as a List II drug precursor chemical by the Drug Enforcement Administration

Benzyl chloride reacts with water in a hydrolysis reaction to form benzyl alcohol and hydrogen chloride. When the latter is dissolved in water, it forms hydrochloric acid. Since benzyl chloride is quite volatile at room temperature, it can easily reach the mucous membranes where the hydrolysis takes place with production of hydrochloric acid.

This explains why benzyl chloride is a lachrymator and has been used as a war gas. It is also very irritating to the skin.Benzyl chloride also reacts readily with metallic magnesium to produce a Grignard Reagent, although the resulting benzyl magnesium chloride tends to dimerize due to the stability of the benzyl radical. This makes the use of benzyl Grignard reagents unfavorable.

Data Reported and Evaluation

Human data
Occupational exposure to benzyl chloride may occur during its manufacture and during its use in the production of benzyl phthalates, benzyl alcohol, quaternary ammonium salts, pharmaceuticals and benzyl esters; but no data were available on levels of exposure.

No data were available to assess the mutagenicity or teratogenicity of this compound to man.

No case report or epidemiological study involving exposure to benzyl chloride alone was available to the Working Group. Six cases of respiratory cancer have been reported among benzoyl chloride manufacturing workers in two small plants, who were also potentially exposed to benzyl chloride.

The cases occurred in relatively young workers, three of whom were nonsmokers.

Evaluation
There is limited evidence that benzyl chloride is carcinogenic in experimental animals.

Although the epidemiological data were inadequate to evaluate the carcinogenicity of benzyl chloride alone, they provide limited evidence that employment in the production of benzoyl chloride and its chlorinated toluene precursors, which involves exposure to benzyl chloride, represents a carcinogenic risk to man.

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Note /Government Notification: These chemicals are designated as those that are used in the manufacture of the controlled substances and are important to the manufacture of the substances. For any (Control Substance) products Import and Export *** subjected to your country government laws /control substance ACT.
Information: The information on this web page is provided to help you to work safely, but it is intended to be an overview of hazards, not a replacement for a full Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). MSDS forms can be downloaded from the web sites of many chemical suppliers. ,also that the information on the PTCL Safety web site, where this page was hosted, has been copied onto many other sites, often without permission. If you have any doubts about the veracity of the information that you are viewing, or have any queries, please check the URL that your web browser displays for this page. If the URL begins "www.tajapi.com/www/Denatonium Benzoate.htm/" the page is maintained by the Safety Officer in Physical Chemistry at Oxford University. If not, this page is a copy made by some other person and we have no responsibility for it.
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) was enacted into law by the Congress of the United States as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970.[1] The CSA is the federal U.S. drug policy under which the manufacture, importation, possession, use and distribution of certain substances is regulated. The Act also served as the national implementing legislation for the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs

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Benzyl Chloride

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