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SIDE EFFECTS
Morphine sulphate Cas No. 64-31-3
The adverse reactions caused by morphine are essentially those observed with
other analgesics. They include the following major hazards:
respiratory depression, apnea, and to a lesser degree, circulatory
depression, respiratory arrest, shock, and cardiac arrest.
Most Frequently Observed
Constipation, lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting,
sweating, dysphoria, and euphoria.
Some of these effects seem to be more prominent in ambulatory patients and
in those not experiencing severe pain. Some adverse reactions in ambulatory
patients may be alleviated if the patient lies down.
Less Frequently Observed Reactions
Central Nervous System: Weakness, headache, agitation, tremor, uncoordinated
muscle movements, seizure, alterations of mood (nervousness, apprehension,
depression, floating feelings), dreams, muscle rigidity, transient
hallucinations and disorientation, visual disturbances, insomnia, increased
intracranial pressure
Gastrointestinal: Dry mouth, biliary tract spasm, laryngospasm, anorexia,
diarrhea, cramps, taste alteration, constipation, ileus, intestinal
obstruction, dyspepsia, increases in hepatic enzymes
Cardiovascular: Flushing of the face, chills, tachycardia, bradycardia,
palpitation, faintness, syncope, hypotension, hypertension
Genitourinary: Urine retention or hesitance, amenorrhea, reduced libido
and/or potency
Dermatologic: Pruritus, urticaria, other skin rashes, edema, diaphoresis
Other: Antidiuretic effect, paresthesia, bronchospasm, muscle tremor,
blurred vision, nystagmus, diplopia, miosis, anaphylaxis
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