ETHANOL


 

Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Hydrate, Ethyl Hydroxide, Methylcarbinol, Absolute Ethanol, Algrain, Cologne Spirit, Fermentation Alcohol, Grain Alcohol, Jaysol, Jaysol S, Molasses Alcohol, Potato Alcohol, Spirit, Spirits Of Wine, Tecsol, Alcohol, Anhydrous, Alcohol Dehydrated, Anhydrol, Ethanol 200 Proof, Ethyl Alcohol Anhydrous, Cologne Spirits (Alcohol), Ethanol Solution, SD Alcohol 23-Hydrogen

Exposure Limits:

TLV: 1000 ppm; 1880 mg/m³ (as TWA) (ACGIH 1993-1994).
MAK: 1000 ppm; 1900 mg/m³; IV (1992).
MAK: class D (1992).
OSHA PEL: TWA 1000 ppm (1900 mg/m³)
NIOSH REL: TWA 1000 ppm (1900 mg/m³)
NIOSH IDLH: 3300 ppm LEL

Uses:

Alcoholic beverages; solvent in laboratory and industry (for resins, fats, fatty acids, oils, and hydrocarbons); extraction medium; antiseptic; sedative; manufacture of perfumes, pharmaceuticals (rubbing compounds, lotions, tonics, and colognes), denatured alcohol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, ethylene, 2-ethylhexanol, nitrocellulose, ethyl chloride, ether, butadiene, ethylene dibromide, lacquers, plastics and plasticizers, cosmetics, rubber and rubber accelerators, aerosols, mouthwash products, soaps and cleaning preparations, polishes, dyes, adhesives, inks, preservatives, pesticides, and explosives; gasoline additive/substitute; elastomers; surface coatings; antifreeze; yeast growth medium; organic synthesis; in veterinary medicine as an antiseptic, to destroy nerve tissue and as a solvent and dehydrating agent.

Consumer products that may contain Ethanol include:

windshield washer fluid; cleaning products; antimicrobial agents; personal care products.

Routes of Exposure:

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapor and by ingestion.

Symptoms of exposure:

Exposure to ethanol vapors may result in irritation of the eyes and nose, drowsiness and headache. Other symptoms may include stupor, nausea, mental excitement or depression, vomiting, flushing and coma. It can cause irritation of the respiratory tract, intra ocular tension, ataxia, sleepiness, narcosis, impaired perception and incoordination. It can also cause lowered inhibitions, dizziness, shallow respiration, unconsciousness and death. Eye contact results in immediate stinging and burning, with reflex closure of the lids and tearing; transitory injury of the corneal epithelium and hyperemia of the conjunctiva. Other symptoms may include irritation of the throat, lassitude and loss of appetite. Vapor exposure may cause watering of the eyes. It can cause mild redness and burning of the skin, sensory and motor disturbances, mood swings, overconfidence, dulled then lost discrimination, memory, concentration, and insight; vasodilatation, increased sweating and heat sensation. It can also cause drunkenness, slow comprehension, numbness and fatigue. Slurred speech, visual impairment such as blurred or double vision and slowed reaction time may result. Other symptoms may include nervousness and tremors. Chronic symptoms of ingestion and/or vapor exposure may include weight loss, cirrhosis of the liver, gastroenteritis, anorexia, diarrhea, polyneuritis with pain, motor and sensory loss in the extremities, optic atrophy and loss or impairment of other abilities, excitement, acute and chronic gastritis, malabsorption syndrome, acute and chronic pancreatitis, anemia due to acute or chronic blood myopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, lactic acidosis, hypomagnesemia, hypouricemia, hyperlipidemia, pulmonary aspiration and respiratory infections. Chronic exposure may also result in serious neurological and mental disorders (e.g. brain damage, memory loss, sleep disturbances, and psychoses). Other symptoms include mucous membrane irritation, central nervous system depression, giddiness, jaundice, pain in upper abdomen on the right side and staggering gait. It may cause liver, kidney and heart damage. The pupils are sometimes widely dilated and unreactive to light. The liquid can defat the skin, producing a dermatitis characterized by drying and fissuring. It rarely causes temporary blindness. Ingestion of this compound can enhance the effects of coumarin, anticoagulants, antihistamines, hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers, insulin, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and antidepressants. Can cause reproductive and teratogenic effects

Target Organs:

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, blood, reproductive system

Inhalation risk:

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.

Effects of short-term exposure:

The substance irritates the eyes. Inhalation of high concentration of vapor may cause irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system.

Effects of long-term or repeated exposure:

The liquid defats the skin. The substance may have effects on the upper respiratory tract and central nervous system, resulting in irritation, headache, fatigue and lack of concentration. Chronic ingestion of ethanol may cause liver cirrhosis.

Special Warnings:

SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION: THR: MODERATE-LOW via oral, intravenous and dermal routes; probably also via inhalation routes.  MUTATION data.  It is rapidly oxidized in the body to carbon dioxide and water, and no cumulative effect occurs.  Concentrations below 1000 ppm usually produce no signs of intoxication.  It is a central nervous system depressant in humans.  It causes teratogenic effects, equivoal tumorigenic effects, gastrointestinal effects and glandular effects in humans.

We have experience in Exporting and Manufacturing of all Countries and Overseas medicines in quick reliable manner and we are very interested to start collaboration with your company or organisation!

To put it simply, ethanol is an alternative fuel that’s better for your car and the environment.

Compared to regular unleaded gasoline, ethanol-enriched fuel burns cleaner and produces fewer harmful tailpipe emissions. It also has higher octane, which can help your car develop maximum horsepower. And since ethanol is made here at home from crops produced by farmers, it plays a key role in efforts to reduce our dependence on oil.

Ethanol is distilled from fermented grain — usually corn — in production plants. Right now, there are more than 95 ethanol production plants in the United States, producing almost 4.3 billion gallons of ethanol every year. That’s a lot of fuel — and a significant contribution to our nation’s economy. So when you use ethanol-enriched fuel, you aren’t just filling up your tank. You’re helping the environment, our country’s economy and our energy independence.


What’s in a name? In the case of ethanol-enriched fuels, the name tells you exactly how much ethanol you’re getting.

E10
E10 is gasoline enriched with up to 10 percent ethanol. E10 is a clean-burning octane boost for your car that reduces harmful tailpipe emissions and won’t leave gummy residue in your car’s engine. American and foreign automobile manufacturers have approved E10 for use in all makes and models of cars. It’s the most common ethanol-enriched fuel available — ask for it at a gas station near you and feel good about filling up.

E85
Advanced E85 is 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline. This leading alternative fuel is available at sites across the country. It’s made especially for flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs), which are designed to run on any blend of ethanol and unleaded gasoline. In the United States alone, nearly 3.5 million of these cars can run on E85 right now. Not sure if your car is one of them? Check the gas cap and the owner's manual, or visit e85fuel.com.


Ethanol History
Ethanol is not a new fuel. In the 1850s, ethanol was a major lighting fuel. During the Civil War, a liquor tax was placed on ethanol to raise money for the war. The tax increased the price of ethanol so much that it could no longer compete with other fuels such as kerosene in lighting devices. Ethanol production declined sharply because of this tax and production levels did not begin to recover until the tax was repealed in 1906.

In 1908, Henry Ford designed his Model T to run on a mixture of gasoline and alcohol, calling it the fuel of the future. In 1919, when Prohibition began, ethanol was banned because it was considered a liquor. It could only be sold when it was mixed with petroleum. With the end of Prohibition in 1933, ethanol was used as a fuel again. Ethanol use increased temporarily during World War II when oil and other resources were scarce. In the 1970s, interest in ethanol as a transportation fuel was revived when embargoes by major oil producing countries cut gasoline supplies. Since that time ethanol use has been encouraged by offering tax benefits for producing ethanol and for blending ethanol into gasoline. In 1988, ethanol began to be added to gasoline for the purpose of reducing carbon monoxide emissions. Learn more about the history of ethanol in a timeline.

Ethanol and the Environment
Using ethanol means that we use a little bit less gasoline (a nonrenewable fuel). Unlike gasoline, ethanol is nontoxic (safe to handle) and biodegradable, it quickly breaks down into harmless substances if spilled. When small amounts of ethanol are added to gasoline, usually less than 10 percent, there are many advantages. Ethanol reduces carbon monoxide and other toxic pollution from the tailpipes of vehicles, making the air cleaner. It keeps engines running smoothly without the need for lead or other chemical additives. Because ethanol is made from crops that absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, it helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This carbon cycle maintains the balance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when using ethanol as a fuel.