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Methyl isobutyl ketone

CAS number 108-10-1





Identifiers

Synonyms: 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-methylpentan-2-one, 2-methyl-4-pentanone, 2-methylpropyl methyl ketone, 4-methyl-2-oxopentane, hexone, isopropylacetone, MIK, isobutylmethyl ketone, MIBK, isohexanone
Use: artificial flavouring

Molecular formula: CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2
CAS No:108-10-1
Molecular Weight: 100.16

Physical data

Appearance: colourless liquid with a pleasant odour
Melting point: -85 C
Boiling point: 116 C
Vapour density: 3.5 (air = 1)
Vapour pressure: 15 mm Hg at 20 C
Density (g cm-3): 0.79
Flash point: 16 C (closed cup)
Explosion limits: 1.1 - 7.5 %
Autoignition temperature:
Water solubility:
Stability Stable. Flammable - note low flash point. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Toxicology

Harmful if inhaled. Eye, skin and respiratory irritant. Long-term or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Chronic high-level exposure may lead to liver damage. Typical TLV/TWA 50 ppm. Typical STEL 75 ppm.

Toxicity data

(The meaning of any toxicological abbreviations which appear in this section is given here.)
ORL-RAT LD50 2080 mg kg-1
IHL-MUS LC50 23000 mg m-3
IPR-MUS LD50 268 mg kg-1

Risk phrases

R11 R20.

Personal protection

Safety glasses, adequate ventilation.

Description:

Methyl isobutyl ketone (C.A.S. 108-10-1) is a colorless liquid that is used as a solvent for vinyl, epoxy, acrylic and natural resins, nitrocellulose, paints, varnishes, lacquers, protective coatings, rare metal extraction, and dyes.

It is used as a denaturant for rubbing alcohol, a synthetic flavoring adjuvant, and a fruit flavoring.

It is used in extracting uranium from fission products, dewaxing mineral oils, manufacturing antibiotics, dry-cleaning preparations, and the synthesis of methyl isobutyl carbinol. It occurs naturally in oranges, grapes, and vinegar.

Chemical properties:

Methyl isobutyl ketone has a faint ketonic and camphor odor. It is classified under the Clean Air Act as a volatile organic compound. It is moderately soluble in water, and soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, and chloroform.

It is miscible with most organic solvents. It is reactive or incompatible with strong oxidizers, potassium, and tert-butoxide. It is highly flammable and will be easily ignited by heat, sparks, or flame.

Its vapors may form explosive mixtures with air and may travel to the source of ignition and flash back.

The vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Most of its vapors are heavier than air, and its liquids are lighter than water.

Methyl isobutyl ketone ignites on contact with potassium-t-butoxide. It can react vigorously with reducing materials. Synonyms for methyl isobutyl ketone include hexone, isobutyl methyl ketone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and isopropyl acetone.

Health effects:

Exposure to methyl isobutyl ketone may cause gastrointestinal disturbances and central nervous system impairment, headache, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory tract irritation.

Chronic exposure may cause axonal neuropathy, paresthesia, and muscle weakness.

Ingestion of methyl isobutyl ketone may cause central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, dyspnea, pulmonary aspiration, and corrosive effects. Inhalation may cause coma, nausea, headache, vertigo, incoordination, central nervous system depression, narcosis, dizziness, tremors, cardiorespiratory failure, and eye, nose, and throat irritation.

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